ABSTRACT
Background:Acute febrile illness with thrombocytopenia is a common condition that is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Infection is a common cause of thrombocytopenia. Infections like Malaria, Dengue, Typhoid and septicaemia are some of them. The present study is intended to know the various clinical presentation, laboratory studies, aetiology, clinical complications, relationship between platelet count and severity of disease and prognosis associated with acute febrile illness and thrombocytopenia. Material and Methods: Total 200 patients of age more than 12 years with acute febrile illness with thrombocytopenia attending medicine department were enrolled and studied for demographic details, clinical presentation and complications. Results: Majority of patients were aged <40 years (66.0%) with males (72%) preponderance. Out of total 200 cases enrolled in this study, 82 cases (41%) were diagnosed as dengue fever, 60 cases (30%) were of malaria, 36 cases (n=36;18%) were of scrub typhus, 6 cases (3%) were of Septicemia, 5 cases (n=5;2.5%) were of typhoid fever and 11 cases(5.5%) remain undiagnosed. Conclusion: Dengue was the commonest cause of fever with thrombocytopenia. Common Bleeding manifestations were petechiae /purpura and gum bleeding. Thorough clinical and laboratory evaluation would be helpful to evaluate different causes of fever with thrombocytopenia.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cardiovascular disease is rising day by day due to having high fat diet and due to genetic alterations. Materials & Methods: Study included 70 CVD patients and their peripheral blood samples were collected for genotyping by venipuncture under aseptic condition in EDTA vials (2ml) as well as in serum vials (3ml) for biochemical parameters. Genomic DNA extraction was done by phenol chloroform method from blood samples collected in EDTA vials from cases as well as controls for genotype study. Results: The difference of genotype between cases and controls was found to be significant (p=0.0003). Study observed that high percentage of GA 29 (41.4%) and AA 8 (11.4%) genotype was found in patients compared to controls GA 10 (20%) and AA 0 (0%) while lower GG 33 (47.2%) genotype in patients compared to control GG 40 (80%) genotype. Compared to the GG genotype, the OR 3.51 (1.49-8.25) and 20.55 (1.14-369.6) for the heterozygous GA and homozygous AA genotypes were estimated, suggesting a possible dominant effect of Apo B polymorphism on CVD risk. In smokers, compared to the GG genotype, the OR 2.19 (0.69-6.88) and 1.71 (0.29-9.87) for the heterozygous GA and homozygous AA genotypes. In alcoholism, compared to the GG genotype, the OR 2.66 (0.93-7.57) and 8.4 (0.92-76.19) for the heterozygous GA and homozygous AA genotypes. Patients with mutant homozygous AA, heterozygous GA genotypes showed 123.3+14.34 (mg/dl) and 76.92+24.09 Apo B level in CVD patients compared to wild type GG homozygous genotypes were 70.82+17.12. Conclusion: It was observed that Apo B gene polymorphism and smoking behaviour found to be associated with increased risk of CVD in Indian population.
ABSTRACT
Haemoglobin-S has been reported in several studies on remote populations from various parts of India eg Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal, Rajasthan and Malaysian Indians. Uttaranchal also has got scattered areas with people living in remote-pockets due to its geophysical nature. There has been no previous report from this state about prevalence of Hb-S. In the present study on 38 individual eight were found to have Hb-S positivity by sickling test. In one of these electrophoretic confirmation was positive with demonstration of associated Beta thalassaemia. The group was a family of muslims in village Baghori near Haldwani. Due to technical, geographical and social restrictions further study could not be done. However, this study does establish the presence of Hb-S-Beta thalassaemia in Uttaranchal State for the first time. Follow up study in the affected area and elsewhere in the state might discover more of Hb-S positivity, other haemoglobinopathies and thalassaemias.